Ruby ( Hồng Ngọc ) là một trong những loại đá màu có ý nghĩa lịch sử nhất. Hồng ngọc được nhắc đến bốn lần trong Kinh thánh, cùng với các thuộc tính như sắc đẹp và trí tuệ. Trong ngôn ngữ cổ của tiếng Phạn, ruby ​​được gọi là ratnaraj, hay "vua của các loại đá quý."

Vào thế kỷ đầu tiên sau Công nguyên, học giả người La Mã Pliny đã đưa Hồng Ngọc vào lịch sử tự nhiên của mình, mô tả độ cứng và mật độ của chúng. Những người theo đao Hindu cổ đại tin rằng những người dâng những viên Hồng Ngọc tốt cho
thần Krishna sẽ được tái sinh thành hoàng đế.

Ruby

Ruby has accumulated a host of legends over the centuries. People in India believed that rubies enabled their owners to live in peace with their enemies. In Burma (a ruby source since at least 600 AD-now called Myanmar), warriors possessed rubies to make them invincible in battle. However, it wasn't enough to just wear the rubies. They had to insert them into their flesh and make them part of their bodies.

Ruby is one of the most historically significant colored stones. Rubies are mentioned four times in the Bible, in association with attributes like beauty and wisdom. In the ancient language of Sanskrit, ruby is called ratnaraj, or “king of precious stones.”

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In the first century AD, the Roman scholar Pliny included rubies in his Natural History, describing their hardness and density. Ancient Hindus believed that those who offered fine rubies to the god Krishna were granted rebirth as emperors.

Spinel

Despite its name, the Black Prince's Ruby is not a ruby, which is why it is known as "the great imposter". The gemstone is actually a blood-red uncut spinel, which was named after the "Black Prince", Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales.

Despite its name, the Black Prince's Ruby is not a ruby, which is why it is known as "the great imposter". The gemstone is actually a blood-red uncut spinel, which was named after the "Black Prince", Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales.

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Another large spinel in the Crown Jewels, the “Timur ruby,” weighs over 350 carats. It, too, has a checkered history. Several Persian inscriptions carved into the gem testify to its age.